Ethereum: technical explanation of the science of Bitcoin cryptography
Bitcoin is often misunderstood as a simple digital currency, but its basic architecture is based on advanced cryptographic techniques to ensure safety, scalability and reliability. In this article, we immerse ourselves in the technical aspects of Ethereum cryptography, by examining how it works to make it solid, reliable and evolving.
What is cryptography?
Cryptography is a safe communication process between pages using mathematical algorithms and protocols to protect data from interception, manipulation or summary. The term « cryptography » comes from the Greek words of « crypos » (secret) and « graphic » (writing), and has existed since the 16th century.
Bitcoin cryptographic architecture
Bitcoin uses a decentralized open source protocol, which is based on cryptographic algorithms to secure transactions, control the creation of new units and network regulations. The basic elements of the architecture of Bitcoin cryptography are:
- Shortcut functions : Abbreviation functions are reversible transformations of a track that maps the input data into constant output data. In Bitcoin, abbreviation functions are used to create unique digital signatures for transactions.
- Digital signatures : Digital signatures are mathematical representations of the content of transactions which confirm the identity and authenticity of the sender. In Bitcoin, digital signatures are created using the ECDSA digital signature algorithm.
3 and 3 In Bitcoin, public key cryptography is used for the exchange of keys between customers and nodes.
- Blockchains : Blockchains are decentralized and distributed books systems that record transactions in the block sequence. Each block contains a single identifier, transaction data and cryptographic abbreviation of the previous block.
Cryptographic science Ethereum
Ethereum is built on Bitcoin Blockchain architecture, but introduces several new functions to increase security, scalability and conviviality. Certain key aspects of the science of Ethereum cryptography include:
- Intelligent contracts : Intelligent contracts are self-control contracts with the terms of the contract recorded directly in the lines of code. They are a key element of Ethereum, allowing decentralized applications (DAPP) operating on the web.
- Proof of the table (POS) : POS is a consensus algorithm used to check the transactions and create new blocks. It is more energy than traditional evidence algorithms (OJ), which makes it suitable for a high -traffic network, like Ethereum.
3 and 3 This function is necessary for safe and anonymous transactions.
- Cryptographic abbreviation functions : Ethereum uses a cryptographic abbreviation function such as SHA-256 (secure hand algorithm 256) and Blake2B (Blake2B) to create unique digital signatures that are used for verification and authentication.
Key cryptographic concepts
To understand the complexities of Ethereum cryptography, we must understand certain key concepts:
- Encryption
: encryption is a process of transformation of ordinary text data into encrypted text to protect them against unauthorized access.
- Decraration : Dissection is the opposite of encryption; This includes the inversion of the encryption process to recover ordinary original data.
- Shortcut functions : Abbreviation functions are used to create unique digital signatures and check the integrity of the data.
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